The Thinking Machine on the Case

Amusing little mysteries solved by a super-genius.
The kind of guy who listens to a description of the crime, asks one seemingly ridiculous question, like “Did the victim own a green tie with red stripes?” and after getting the answer announces the name of the perpetrator.
Short, kind of fun stories. These were written in the early 1900s. The version I had has some serious formatting issues. There would be weird jumps in the text and then the missing paragraph would appear a couple of chapters later.